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Question

A compound X on heating with excess conc. sulphuric acid at 443K gives an unsaturated compound Y. X also reacts with sodium metal to evolve a colourless gas Z. Identify X, Y and Z. Write the equation of the chemical reaction of formation of Y and also write the role of sulphuric acid in the reaction

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Solution

X443 K, conc. H2SO4−−−−−−−−−−−Y ( unsaturated compound)

Z is hydrogen (Colourless gas)

X, Y and Z are alcohol, alkene and hydrogen respectively.

Suppose X is ethanol, it gives alkene on reacting with conc. H2SO4

C2H5OH(X)443 K conc. H2SO4−−−−−−−−−−C2H4(Y)

2C2H5OHNa2C2H5ONa++H2(Z)

Role of sulphuric acid: It is used as a dehydrating agent in the above reaction.

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