Question

(A) Distinguish between census method and sampling method.

(B) Distinguish between primary data and secondary data.

Answer 1

(A).

$\begin{array}{ccc}\text{Basis}& \text{Census Method}& \text{Sampling Method}\\ \text{Nature of Enquiry}& \text{Extensive enquiry is conducted as}& \text{Limited enquiry is conducted as}\\ & \text{each and every unit of the}& \text{only few units of the population}\\ & \text{population is studied.}& \text{are studied.}\\ \text{Economy}& \text{It requires large amount of}& \text{Relatively less money, time, and}\\ & \text{money, time and labour.}& \text{labour are required.}\\ \text{Suitability}& \text{It is more suitable if population is}& \text{It is more suitable if population}\\ & \text{heterogenous in nature.}& \text{is homogeneous in nature}.\\ \text{Reliability and}& \text{Results are quite reliable and}& \text{Under sampling method, results}\\ \text{accuracy}& \text{accurate under census method}.& \text{are less reliable and accurate.}\\ \text{Nature of error}& \text{In census method, the only error}& \text{Sampling method gives rise to}\\ & \text{that may arise in the collection of}& \text{error of sampling apart from}\\ & \text{data is error of bias.}& \text{error of bias.}\end{array}$

(B).

$\begin{array}{ccc}\text{Basis}& \text{Primary Data}& \text{Secondary Data}\\ \text{Originality}& \text{Primary data are original}& \text{Secondary data are not original since}\\ & \text{because they are collected by}& \text{investigator makes use of the data}\\ & \text{investigator himself.}& \text{collected by other agencies.}\\ \text{Source}& \text{Primary data are collected by}& \text{Secondary data are already collected and}\\ & \text{some agency or person by}& \text{processed by some person or agency and}\\ & \text{using the method of data}& \text{is ready for use.}\\ & \text{collection.}& \\ \text{Time factor}& \text{It requires longer time for data}& \text{Secondary data requires less time.}\\ & \text{collection.}& \end{array}$