Question

A doctor working in the hospital comes in contact with various types of infectious agents, but rarely gets infected. This is because of a property of his body called ________ which can be of 2 types _______ and _______.

• A. immunity, direct, indirect
• B. immune system, innate, acquired
• C. immune system, innate, defence
  
• D. immunity, innate, acquired

Answer 1

The correct option is D immunity, innate, acquired

The organs and processes in the body which fight against infections are called the immune system. The ability of the body to fight against pathogens is called immunity. In the above case even after repeated exposure to pathogens, only a few lead to diseases, because of the ability of the body called immunity. So the answer is option (d).

Immunity can be of 2 types:

Innate immunity: All organisms are naturally gifted with resistance to infections from birth. It is non-specific (not against a particular pathogen). Example : Presence of macrophages in the bloodstream to attack the invading pathogens.

Acquired immunity: The immunity an individual acquired during his lifetime. It is pathogen specific. Example : Production of antibodies against Salmonella infections (Typhoid) in the early phase of the disease. Acquired immunity is of two types active and passive immunity.

The word direct and indirect immunity is generally not used for the types of immunity. So option (b) is wrong.