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Introduction to Alkanes

a Draw cis an...

Question

a) Draw cis and trans isomers of $C H C l = C H C l .$ Also, write their IUPAC names.
b) Explain and give reasons which is more acidic: ethane or ethyne?

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Solution

a. $C H C l = C H C l$
(Image)
b.Ethane: $C H_{3} - C H_{3}$ Ethyne: $H C \equiv C H$
In ethyne the C-atoms are sp hybridized with $50$ % of s character. As the s-character increases, elecrtonegativity increases. So, the C-atom in ethyne attracts the electron pair of $C - H$ bond towards itself and $H^{+}$ ions are set free.
In comparison to ethane, C-atom is $s p^{3}$ hybridized which is $25$ % s character and hence is less electronegative.

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Q. First, you name both the compounds. Yes, both of them have the same name. Yet, are they really the same structure, or they are somehow different? Careful inspection should convince you that they are indeed different. Now, how their physical and chemical properties differ? Generally,
i) Cis-isomer has more dipole moment than trans-isomer.
ii) Cis is less stable than trans.
iii) The boiling points of cis isomers are more than those of trans isomers (remember boiling points are directly related to polarity which is determined by dipole moment).
iv) Chemical reactivities of cis and trans also differ from each other.
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Which of the following is/are true option(s) about the reaction?

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