(a) Explain land and sea breeze? Which process is responsible for this? Explain the process and how is it different from radiation?
(b) How is the earth warmed by the Sun?
[5 MARKS]
(a) Explain land and sea breeze? Which process is responsible for this? Explain the process and how is it different from radiation?
(b) How is the earth warmed by the Sun?
[5 MARKS]
(a) Land and Sea breeze: 2 Marks
Radiation: 2 Marks
(b) Explanation: 1 Mark
(a) Water takes a bit more time to warm up and is able to retain the heat longer than land does. In the day, when the sun is up, the land heats up very quickly and the air above it warms up a lot more than the air over the water. The warm air over the land is less dense and begins to rise. Low pressure is created. The air pressure over the water is higher with cold dense air, which moves to occupy the space created over the land. The cool air that comes along is called a sea breeze.
In the night, the reverse happens. The land quickly loses its heat whiles the water retains its warmth. This means the air over the water is warmer, air is less dense and begins to rise. Low pressure is created over the water. Cold and dense air over the land begins to move to the water surface to replace the warmer rising air. The cool breeze from the land is called a land breeze.
Convection is the process responsible for land and sea breeze. Convection is the process of transfer of heat from one place to another by the actual movement of the particles. Particles carry heat from one place to another.
Radiation is the process in which heat flows from one object to another object either through the medium or through vacuum. In convection, a medium is necessary for heat transfer from one end to another but in radiation, no medium is required for transferring of heat.
(b) Sun warms the earth by the process of radiation.
(a) Land and Sea breeze: 2 Marks
Radiation: 2 Marks
(b) Explanation: 1 Mark
(a) Water takes a bit more time to warm up and is able to retain the heat longer than land does. In the day, when the sun is up, the land heats up very quickly and the air above it warms up a lot more than the air over the water. The warm air over the land is less dense and begins to rise. Low pressure is created. The air pressure over the water is higher with cold dense air, which moves to occupy the space created over the land. The cool air that comes along is called a sea breeze.
In the night, the reverse happens. The land quickly loses its heat whiles the water retains its warmth. This means the air over the water is warmer, air is less dense and begins to rise. Low pressure is created over the water. Cold and dense air over the land begins to move to the water surface to replace the warmer rising air. The cool breeze from the land is called a land breeze.
Convection is the process responsible for land and sea breeze. Convection is the process of transfer of heat from one place to another by the actual movement of the particles. Particles carry heat from one place to another.
Radiation is the process in which heat flows from one object to another object either through the medium or through vacuum. In convection, a medium is necessary for heat transfer from one end to another but in radiation, no medium is required for transferring of heat.
(b) Sun warms the earth by the process of radiation.
