Question

(a) Explain the following phases in the menstrual cycle of a human female :
(i) Menstrual phase
(ii) Follicular phase
(iii) Luteal phase

(b) A proper understanding of menstrual cycle can help immensely in family planning. Do you agree with the statement ? Provide reasons for your answer. [5]

Answer 1

(a)
(i) Menstrual phase : During the first 3-5 days of the cycle where menstrual flow occurs due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus, if the released ovum is not fertilised. [1]

(ii) Follicular Phase : From 5th to 14th day of the cycle, primary follicles grow to become fully mature graafian follicles. The endometrium regenerates. The Graafian follicle ruptures to release ova. [1]

(iii) Luteal Phase: During 15 to 28 day, the remaining parts of the graafian follicle transforms into corpus luteum which secretes progesterone. [1]

(b) Yes, I agree with the statement since appropriate precautions can be taken between the 10th to 17th day of the menstrual cycle when chances of fertilisation are high which would help immensely in family planning. [2]