Question

(a) Explain the term 'fertilisation'. Describe the process of fertilisation in human beings.

Answer 1

The fusion of a male gamete with a female gamete to form a zygote during sexual reproduction is called fertilisation

Process of fertilisation-

• The male parent produces male gametes called sperms while female parent produces female gametes called eggs (or ova).
• The sperm enters into women body through vagina, that pass through the uterus and then go into the oviducts.
• The ovary of women releases an egg, which moves to the oviduct.
• One of the sperm enters the egg. The fusion of sperm with egg is called fertilisation.
• During fertilization the nucleus of sperm fuses with the nucleus of egg cell to form a new cell called zygote ( The zygote is a fertilised egg).