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Question

(a) Explain with example
(i) Saturated hydrocarbon
(ii) Hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
(b) Write two characteristics of carbon atom.
(c) What is substitution reaction?

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Solution

i) Saturated hydrocarbon : No double or triple bond. Example: Ethane, Methane, etc.
ii) CH2=CH2H2/Ni−−−CH3CH3 (Hydrogenation)
b) Carbon: High tendency for catenation.
Non-metal, insulator(except graphite)
c) Substitution reaction in which leaving group is replaced by incoming nucleophile
CH3CH2Cl+NaOHboilCH3CH2OH+NaCl

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