A gun fires a shell and recoils horizontally. If the shell travels with speed v with respect to the barrel, the ratio of speed with which the gun recoils if (i) the barrel is horizontal (ii) inclined at an angle of 30∘ with horizontal is
A
1
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B
2√3
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C
√32
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D
12
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Solution
The correct option is B2√3 Let mass of gun is M and that of shell is m. The two cases are shown in the figure as below.
Here v1 and v2 are the recoil speeds of the gun in two cases. As there are no net external forces in horizontal direction, therefore using conservation of linear momentum in horizontal direction in both cases: For case 1 m(v−v1)=Mv1 ∴v1=mvM+m...(i) For case 2 From F.B.D, horizontal velocity of shell w.r.t gun is vcos30∘ Applying PCLM, m(vcos30∘−v2)=Mv2 ∴v2=√3mv2(M+m)...(ii) From equations (i) and (ii), v1v2=2√3