a) How was structural transformation different in China as compared to India and Pakistan ?
b) What do you mean by one child policy in China?
a) China has succeeded in placing greater reliance on industrial sector compared to India and Pakistan. It is perhaps owing to GLF a campaign launched in China in 1958 focusing on widespread industrialization of the country, encouraging people to set-up household industries in their backyard, and policy of reforms and opening up launched in 1978 which gave a big push to China's manufacturing exports.
b) One child policy in China, adopted since 1979, has reduced the growth rate of the population to nearly half, from 1.33% in 1979 to 0.64% in 2005. Controlling its population growth rate, China can now focus on the quality of life rather than the sustenance of its people.