(a) How will you convert the following :
(i) Propanone to Propan-2-ol
(ii) Ethanal to 2-hydroxy propanoic acid
(iii) Toluene to benzoic acid
(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between :
(i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one
(ii) Ethanal and Propanal

Open in App

Solution

(a) (i) $C H_{3} - O | | C Propane - C H_{3} + H_{2} Ni, Pt or Pd - ------ \to C H_{3} - O H | C Propan-2-ol - C H_{3}$

(ii) $C H_{3} - C H O E t h a n a l H C N - -- \to C H_{3} - H | C | O H - C N H^{+} / H_{2} O - ---- \to C H_{3} - O H | C H 2 - H y d r o x y p r o p a n o i c a c i d - C O O H$

(b) Chemical tests to distinguish between :
(i) Pentan - 2 - one and Pentan-3-one : On treating with $N a O I (I_{2} / N a O H)$ pentan - 2 - one gives yellow ppt. of iodoform but pentan-3-one does not.
$C H_{3} - C H_{2} - C H_{2} P e n t a n - 3 - o n e - O | | C - C H_{3} + 3 N a O I ⟶ C H_{3} C H_{2} C H_{2} C O O N a + C H I_{3} I o d o f o r m (Y e l l o w p p t .) ↓ + 2 N a O H C H_{3} - C H_{2} - O | | C - C H_{2} - C H_{3} N a O I - -- \to No yellow ppt. iodoform$

(ii) Ethanal and Propanal : Ethanal when trated with $I_{2} / N a O H (o r N a O I)$ given yellow ppt. of iodoform but propanal does not.
$C H_{3} C H O E t h a n a l + 3 N a O I ⟶ C H I_{3} Y e l l o w p p t . ↓ + H C O O N a + 2 N a O H$
$C H_{3} C H_{2} C H O P r o p a n a l \frac{I_{2}}{N a O H} - --- \to$ No yellow ppt. of iodoform

Suggest Corrections

Similar questions

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

(i) Propanal and Propanone

(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(vii) Ethanal and Propanal

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

Propanal and propanone.

Acetophenone and benzophenone

Phenol and benzoic acid

Benzoic acid and ethyl benzoate

Pentan - 2 - one and pentan - 3 - one

Benzaldehyde and acetophenone

Ethanal and propanal

Join BYJU'S Learning Program