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Formation of Enamines

a i How do yo...

Question

a) i) How do you convert benzoic acid to benzamide? Write the reaction.
ii) Complete the reaction : (please find above image)
b) What happens when carbonyl compounds are treated with hydrazine? Write the reaction.

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Solution

a) i)
$B e n z o i c a c i d$ reacts with $N H_{3}$ to form $a m m o n i u m s a l t$ which on heating decomposes to form $b e n z a m i d e$
$P h - C O O H + N H_{3} ⇌ P h - C O O N H_{4}^{+} Δ - \to P h C O N H_{2} + H_{2} O$
ii)
$B e n z e n e$ is formylated in Gatterman-Koch formylation reaction, upon treatment with $C O$ and $H C l$ in the presence of anhydrous $A l C l_{3}$ catalyst.
$C_{6} H_{6} C O / H C l - ------------- \to a n h y d r o u s A l C l_{3} / H C l C_{6} H_{5} - C H O$
b) When carbonyl compounds are treated with hydrazine, hydrazone derivates are formed.
$(C H_{3})_{2} C = O + H_{2} N N H_{2} \to (C H_{3})_{2} C = N - N H_{2} + H_{2} O$

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