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Question

A is an element having four electrons in its outermost orbit. An allotrope B of this element is used as a dry lubricant in machinery and in pencil leads. So :
(a) Write the name of element A and its allotropes.
(b) State whether B is a good conductor or non-conductor of electricity?

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Solution

(a) The element A is carbon and its allotropes are diamond, graphite and fullerene. Graphite is used as a dry lubricant in machinery and in pencil leads.
(b) Graphite has delocalised molecular orbitals and the electrons are free to move in these delocalised molecular orbitals. Hence, graphite is a good conductor of electricity.

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