A light ray is incident on a flat surface, making an angle of 30° with the surface. What is the angle between the surface and the normal ?

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Solution

Normal is a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of mirror from the point where incident ray meets the surface of the mirror. So the angle between the surface and the normal is always 90°. It is independent of angle of incidence.

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A light ray is incident on a flat surface, making an angle of 30° with the surface. ​What is the angle between the surface and the normal ?

Normal is a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of mirror from the point where incident ray meets the surface of the mirror. So the angle between the surface and the normal is always 90°. It is independent of angle of incidence.

A light ray is incident on a flat surface, making an angle of 30° with the surface. What is the angle between the surface and the normal ?