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Objective Function

A manufacture...

Question

A manufacturer produces two products A and B. Both the products are processed on two different machines. The available capacity of first machine is 12 hours and that of second machine is 9 hours per day. Each unit of product A requires 3 hours on both machines and each unit of product B requires 2 hours on first machine and 1 hour on second machine. Each unit of product A is sold at ₹7 profit and that of B at a profit of ₹4. Find the production level per day for maximum profit graphically.

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Solution

Let x units of product A and y units of product B be manufactured by the manufacturer per day.

It is given that one unit of product A requires 3 hours of processing time on first machine, while one unit of product B requires 2 hours of processing time on first machine. It is also given that first machine is available for 12 hours per day.

∴ 3x + 2y ≤ 12

Also, one unit of product A requires 3 hours of processing time on second machine, while one unit of product B requires 1 hour of processing time on second machine. It is also given that second machine is available for 9 hours per day.

∴ 3x + y ≤ 9

The profits on one unit each of product A and product B is ₹ 7 and ₹ 4, respectively.

So, the objective function is given by Z = ₹ (7x + 4y).

Therefore, the mathematical formulation of the given linear programming problem can be stated as:

Maximize Z = 7x + 4y

Subject to the constraints

3x + 2y ≤ 12 .....(1)

3x + y ≤ 9 .....(2)

x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 .....(3)

The feasible region determined by constraints (1) to (3) is graphically represented as:

Here, it is seen that OABCO is the feasible region and it is bounded. The values of Z at the corner points of the feasible region are represented in tabular form as:

Corner Point Z = 7x + 4y

O(0, 0) Z = 7 × 0 + 4 × 0 = 0

A(3, 0) Z = 7 × 3 + 4 × 0 = 21

B(2, 3) Z = 7 × 2 + 4 × 3 = 26

C(0, 6) Z = 7 × 0 + 4 × 6 = 24

The maximum value of Z is 26, which is obtained at x = 2 and y = 3.

Thus, 2 units of product A and 3 units of product B should be manufactured by the manufacturer per day in order to maximize the profit.

Also, the maximum daily profit of the manufacturer is ₹ 26.

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