Question

Choose the correct option-

A molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill the traits given below, except-

• A. It should be able to generate its replica
• B. It should be able to express itself in the form of ‘Mendelian characters’
• C. It should provide the scope for slow changes that are required for evolution
• D. It should be unstable structurally and chemically

Answer 1

The correct option is D

It should be unstable structurally and chemically

The correct option is D.

Explanation of correct option:

1. The genetic material in any living organism consists of the fundamental information required to carry out various life processes related to development, growth, metabolism, reproduction, etc.
2. DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are known to constitute the genetic material in all organisms.
3. The genetic material is stabilized using various interactions like van der Waals forces, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonds.
4. The structural and chemical instability of the genetic material will result in impairment of cell function, mutations, and transformation to cancerous cells, or diseases.

Explanation of incorrect options:

Option A:

1. The genetic material, DNA, is capable of undergoing replication resulting in the formation of two identical daughter cells.
2. The enzyme DNA polymerase carries out this reaction.

Option B:

1. According to Mendel, genes are inherited from each parent, assorted independently, and get segregated at an equal frequency into gametes.
2. The inheritance of genetic material is based on the principles Mendel proposed- autosomal dominance, autosomal recessiveness, and X-linked traits.

Option C:

1. Certain useful mutations that help the organisms survive in their changing environment get accumulated in the DNA and are passed on to the upcoming generations.
2. Mutation in hemoglobin results in the formation of sickle-shaped red blood cells. If one copy of this defective gene is present, the individual is resistant to malaria. Two copies of this defective gene result in sickle-cell anemia.

Final answer: A molecule that can act as a genetic material must fulfill the traits given below, except it should be unstable structurally and chemically.