(a) Name a process by which hydrogen gas is manufactured.
(b) Give equations for the reactions.
(c) How is hydrogen separated from carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide ?
(a) Name a process by which hydrogen gas is manufactured.
(b) Give equations for the reactions.
(c) How is hydrogen separated from carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide ?
(a) Commercially, hydrogen is prepared by Bosch process.
(b) (i) Steam is passed over hot coke at 1000°C in a furnace called converters. As a result water gas is
produced which is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases.
This reaction is endothermic in nature.
C+H2O→CO+H2 -HEAT
(ii) Water gas is mixed with excess of steam and passed over a catalyst ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) and a
promotor chromium trioxide Cr2O3.
This reaction is exothermic in nature
CO+H2+H2O→CO2+2H2 +HEAT
(c) (i) The products are hydrogen, carbon dioxide and some
unreacted carbon monoxide. Hydrogen is separated from carbon dioxide by passing the mixture
through water under pressure, in which carbon dioxide gets dissolved leaving behind hydrogen. Carbon dioxide can also be separated by passing it through caustic potash (KOH) solution.
2KOH+CO2→K2CO3+H2O
(ii) To separate carbon monoxide the gaseous mixture is passed through ammoniacal cuprous chloride in which carbon monoxide dissolves leaving behind hydrogen.
(a) Commercially, hydrogen is prepared by Bosch process.
(b) (i) Steam is passed over hot coke at 1000°C in a furnace called converters. As a result water gas is
produced which is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases.
This reaction is endothermic in nature.
C+H2O→CO+H2 -HEAT
(ii) Water gas is mixed with excess of steam and passed over a catalyst ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) and a
promotor chromium trioxide Cr2O3.
This reaction is exothermic in nature
CO+H2+H2O→CO2+2H2 +HEAT
(c) (i) The products are hydrogen, carbon dioxide and some
unreacted carbon monoxide. Hydrogen is separated from carbon dioxide by passing the mixture
through water under pressure, in which carbon dioxide gets dissolved leaving behind hydrogen. Carbon dioxide can also be separated by passing it through caustic potash (KOH) solution.
2KOH+CO2→K2CO3+H2O
(ii) To separate carbon monoxide the gaseous mixture is passed through ammoniacal cuprous chloride in which carbon monoxide dissolves leaving behind hydrogen.
