(a) Name an instrument that measures electric current in a circuit. Define the unit of electric current.
(b) What do the following symbols mean in circuit diagrams?
(i) (ii)
(c) An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5 m long nichrome wire XY, an ammeter, a voltmeter, four cells of 1.5 V each and a plug key was set up.
(i) Draw a diagram of this electric circuit to study the relation between the potential difference maintained between the points 'X' and 'Y' and the electric current flowing through XY.
(ii) Following graph was plotted between V and I values:

What would be the values of $\frac{V}{I}$ ratios when the potential difference is 0.8 V, 1.2 V and 1.6 V, respectively? What conclusion do you draw from these values?

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Solution

(a) An ammeter is used to measure the current in a circuit. Unit of electric current is ampere.

(b) (i) Variable resistance or Rheostat (ii) A closed switch

(c) (i)

(ii) $\frac{V}{I}$ for 0.8 V, 1.2 V and 1.6 V is the same as the graph between the voltage and the current is a straight line. So, the $\frac{V}{I}$ ratio is constant for all the values of current and voltage.

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^{'} X^{'}

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