(a) Name and state the law given by Lindeman which tells us how much energy entering a particular trophic level of organisms is available for trasnsfer to the next higher trophic level.
(b) How much energy will be available to hawks in the food chain comprising hawk, snake, paddy and mice, if 10,000 J of energy is available to paddy from the sun?

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Solution

(a) The law given by Lindeman is called the 10 per cent law. It states that only 10 per cent of the energy entering a particular trophic level of organisms is available for transfer to the next trophic level.

(b) Ten per cent of the energy will be available to hawks.
In this food chain, the energy transfer will take place as follows.
Sun $\to$ Paddy $\to$ Mice $\to$ Snakes $\to$ Hawks
10,000 J 1,000 J 100 J 10 J 1 J

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(a) Name and state the law given by Lindeman which tell us how much energy entering a particular trophic level of organisms is available for transfer to the next higher trophic level.

(b) How much energy will be available to hawks in the food chain comprising hawk, snake, paddy and mice, if 10,000 J of energy is available to paddy from the sun?

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