(a) Name two gases which combine chemically to form a solid.
(b) Name a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(c) How will you show that hydrochloric acid contains both hydrogen and chlorine (other than by electrolysis)?
(d) Complete and balance the following equations:
KMnO₄ + HCl $\overset{}{\to}$ ___ + _ + ______ + 8H ₂O

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Solution

(a) When ammonia gas comes in contact with hydrogen chloride gas, it yields dense white fumes of ammonium chloride.

HCl(g) + NH₃(g) → NH₄Cl(s)

(b) Silver chloride is soluble in an excess of ammonium hydroxide.

AgCl(s) + 2NH₄OH(aq) → [Ag(NH₃)₂]Cl(aq) + 2H₂O(l)

(c) When hydrochloric acid reacts with metals, it forms the respective chlorides, liberating hydrogen gas in the process. This reaction shows the presence of hydrogen gas in hydrochloric acid.

Metal + Hydrochloric acid → Metal chloride + Hydrogen

For example, zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, evolving hydrogen gas.

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
Zinc Zinc chloride Hydrogen

When hydrochloric acid reacts with strong oxidising agents, chlorine gas is liberated.

Oxidising agent + Conc. hydrochloric acid → Salt + Water + Chlorine gas

For example, red lead evolves chlorine gas from hydrochloric acid.

Pb₃O₄(s)+ 8HCl(aq) → 3PbCl₂(aq) + 4H₂O(l) + Cl₂(g)
Trilead Lead chloride
tetroxide
(red)

The reactions given above prove that hydrochloric acid contains hydrogen and chlorine.

(d) The complete balanced chemical equation is

2KMnO₄ + 16HCl $\to$ 2KCl(aq) + 2MnCl₂ + 5Cl₂↑ + 8H₂O

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Similar questions

Name
(a) a black metallic oxide which reacts with hydrochloric acid to give a coloured solution.
(b) two colourless gases, which when mixed produce a white solid.
(c) two gases which chemically combine to form a liquid.
(d) a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(e) the chemical in which gold can be dissolved.
(f) the experiment which demonstrates that hydrogen chloride is soluble in water.
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Q. Identify the following : [5 MARKS]
(a) black metallic oxide which reacts with hydrochloric acid to give a coloured solution.
(b) two colourless gases which when mixed produce a white solid.
(c) two gases which chemically combine to form a liquid.
(d) a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(e) the chemical in which gold can be dissolved

Name the following:
(i) Acid present in the stomach of mammals.
(ii) Drying agent used to dry hydrogen chloride.
(iii) Salt obtained by heating sodium chloride with concentrated sulphuric acid below 200 degree celsius.
(iv) Gas that yields dense white fumes when mixed with hydrogen chloride.
(v) Two solution that yield white precipitates, when treated with hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric acid.
(vi) Gas obtained by treating metals with hydrochloric acid.
(vii) Gas obtained by treating ferrous sulphide with hydrochloric acid.
(viii) Five oxidizing agents that liberate chlorine from concentrated hydrochloric acid.
(ix) Acid used to extract glue from bones.
(x) A chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.
(xi) A greenish yellow gas.
(xii) A chemical in which gold can be dissolved.
(xiii) A metallic oxide which reacts with hydrochloric acid to give a coloured solution.
(xiv) Two colourless gases which when mixed produce a white solid.

Fill in the blanks:
(i) Aqua-regia is a mixture of _________.
(ii) A constant boiling mixture of water and hydrochloric acid is also called as _________.
(iii) ________ agent converts hydrochloric acid to chlorine.
(iv) Hydrogen and chlorine reacts in presence of _________ to form hydrogen chloride.
(v) On addition of silver nitrate to hydrochloric acid ________ precipitate is formed which is soluble in __________.
(vi) The white precipitate of lead chloride is soluble in __________.

Q. Name a chloride which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide.

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