A negatively charged sol can be formed by peptizing a solution of
AgI with KI
Peptisation is the process of creating a colloidal sol by adding a peptising agent to a freshly prepared precipitate. During peptisation, the precipitate (preferentially) adsorbs one of the ions of the electrolyte on its surface. Thus, there is formation of positive or negative charge on the precipitate, which ultimately break up into smaller particles that correspond to the colloidal range. For example, AgI is precipitated in the following reaction:
AgNO3(aq)+KI(aq)⟶AgI↓+KNO3(aq)
If further KI is added to the above precipitate, the common ion (iodide or I− ) is preferentially adsorbed on the precipitate's surface. Thus we get a negatively-charged colloidal sol.