A : Nitration of aniline can only be done by protecting $- N H_{2}$ group through acetylation.
R : Acetylation of aniline results in the increase of electron density at the benzene ring.

If both Assertion and the Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

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If both the Assertion and the Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

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If the Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

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If both the Assertion and the Reason are false.

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Solution

The correct option is C If the Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
In the above reaction, $N H_{2}$ group is protected by an acetyl group because the $N H_{2}$ group is highly reactive due to the presence of a lone pair on the nitrogen of aniline and the incoming $N O_{2}$ has a tendency to accept the lone pair effectively.
So, acetylation of $N H_{2}$ group is done to make it less reactive for the incoming $N O_{2}$ group.

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