(a) Element X is Nitrogen gas (N2) since the largest constituent of air is nitrogen. When nitrogen reacts with hydrogen in the presence of iron as a catalyst, ammonia (NH3) is formed. Therefore, Y is ammonia (NH3). When ammonia reacts with sulpuric acid, ammonium sulphate is formed which is used as a chemical fertilizer. Therefore, Z is ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4.
(b) Nitrogen belongs to group 15 of the periodic table.
(c) Nitrogen is placed in the second period of the periodic table.
(d) Carbon (C) is placed just before nitrogen in the period.
(e) Oxygen (O) is placed just after nitrogen in the period.