Question

A patient’s diagnostic test revealed that his alveolar walls are damaged. This led to a plunge in the respiratory area. This patient also has a history of cigarette smoking. Which respiratory disorder can this patient be suffering from?

• A. TB
• B. Pneumonia
• C. Emphysema
• D. Sneezing

Answer 1

The correct option is C Emphysema

An emphysema patient suffers from damaged alveolar walls (the outer layer of air containing pouches present in respiratory organs called lungs). This lead to a decrease in the respiratory surface. Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of this respiratory disorder.
Tuberculosis is a pathogenic disease. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It usually attacks the lungs. But TB bacteria can also attack the kidney, spine, and brain.
Pneumonia is a respiratory disorder. It leads to acute infection and inflammation of the alveoli. As the alveoli gets filled with mucus and pus, the exchange of gases becomes difficult. Hence, oxygen in the blood is reduced. The causative agents of pneumonia are bacteria, protozoa, virus, fungi, mycoplasma.
Sneezing is an involuntary expulsion of air and mucus from the mouth and nose to usually remove irritants from the airway. The medical term for sneezing is sternutation.