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Analysis of Force Equation

A point charg...

Question

A point charge $Q_{1}$ exerts some force on a second point charge $Q_{2}$ . If a 3rd point charge $Q_{3}$ is
brought near, the force of $Q_{1}$ exerted on $Q_{2}$ (Without changing their respective positions):

A

Will increase

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B

Will decrease

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C

Will remain unchanged

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D

Will increase if

Q_{3}

is of the same sign as

Q_{1}

and will decrease if

Q_{3}

is of opposite sign

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Solution

The correct option is C Will remain unchanged
As the principal of superposition states that the force exerted by a charge on another point is independent of the presence of the other charges and the net force on a point charge due to the number of charges will be the vector sum of the forces exerted by the other charges.

Therefore, despite of the presence of the third charge $Q_{3}$ , the force exerted by the charge $Q_{2}$ by the charge $Q_{1}$ will remain unchanged.
However, the net force experienced by the charge $Q_{2}$ will change due to the presence of $Q_{3}$ .

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