Question

A pregnant female delivers a baby who suffers from stunted growth, mental retardation, low intelligence quotient and abnormal skin.
This is the result of :

• A. Deficiency of iodine in diet
• B. Low secretion of growth hormone
• C. Cancer of the thyroid gland
• D. Over secretion of pars distalis

Answer 1

The correct option is A Deficiency of iodine in diet

Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing baby leading
to stunted growth, mental retardation low intelligence quotient abnormal skin. If the mother is having hypothyroidism, there is underactive thyroid, which results from low iodine in the diet. It results in the children which have abnormal weight and height, mental retardation, low IQ, dry skin etc.

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), also known as dwarfism or pituitary dwarfism, is a condition caused by insufficient amounts of growth hormone in the body. While thyroid cancer occurs in the cells of the thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of neck.

The pars distalis produces GH, PRL, GTHs, (FSH, LH), ACTH, TSH and endorphins (EOPs).

Thus, the correct answer is option A, 'Deficiency of iodine in diet'.