A process which makes an important difference between C3 and C4 plants is
Photorespiration
Photorespiration is a process which occurs due to the oxygenase activity of RuBisCO. When the concentration of O2 is high as compared to CO2, RuBisCO shows oxygenase activity. C4 plants have a mechanism by which they can maintain the high concentration of CO2 at the enzyme site; thus, photorespiration does not occur in C4 plants.