A simple pendulum is set up in a trolley which moves to the right with an acceleration a on a horizontal plane. Then the thread of the pendulum in the mean position makes an angle θ with the vertical
in the backward direction
In accelerated frame of reference, a fictitious force (pseudo force)
ma acts on the bob of pendulum as shown in figure.
Hence, tan θ = mamg=ag
⇒θ=tan−1(ag) in the backward direction.
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