A simple pendulum of length L and mass (bob) M is oscillating in a plane about a vertical line between angular limits -∅and +∅. For an angular displacement θ(|θ|<ϕ) , the tension in the string and the velocity of the bob are T and v respectively. The following relations hold good under the above conditions
From following figure it is clear that
T - Mg cos θ = Centripetal force
⇒T−Mgcosθ=Mv2L
Also tangential acceleration |aT|=g sinθ .