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Reactions of Ethanol with Sodium

A small piece...

Question

A small piece of sodium metal is added to a neutral organic liquid, taken in a dry test-tube. Bubbles of a gas are produced in the test-tube. When a burning match-stick is brought near the mouth of the test-tube, the gas burns with a 'pop' sound, making a little explosion.
(a) Name the functional group present in the organic liquid.
(b) Write the name and formula of an organic liquid having this functional group.

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Solution

(a) When we treat ethanol with sodium metal, sodium ethoxide is formed and hydrogen gas is released.

$C_{2} H_{5} OH + Na \overset{heat}{\to} C_{2} H_{5} ONa + H_{2}$

So, the functional group present in the organic compound will be alcohol (OH).

(b) Ethanol ( $C_{2} H_{5} OH$ ) has the functional group alcohol.

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