A solution of $H C l$ gas in water conducts electricity because of but a solution of $H C l$ gas in toluene does not conduct an electric current because.

ionization

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it does not ionise in toluene

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Solution

Conductivity is the measure of any compound that the elements or compounds allow the flow of current through them.
For any substance to be conductive it must have free electrons or ions through which correct may pass.
When $H C l$ get dissolved in water it gets completely dissolved in water, due to which it is broken into ions which allows the passage of electricity through them. This process is called ionization.
When a solution of $H C l$ getting dissolved in toluene it does not get a break into ions, so it does not have free electrons to make electricity pass through it.
A solution of $H C l$ the gas in water conducts electricity because of ionization but a solution of $H C l$ the gas in toluene does not conduct an electric current because it does not ionize in toluene.

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Similar questions

Explain why :

(a) anhydrous HCl is a poor conductor while aqueous HCl is an excellent conductor.
(b) when the stopper of a bottle full of hydrogen chloride gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(c) a solution of hydrogen chloride in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while a solution of the same gas in toluene :
(i) has no effect on litmus, and
(ii) does not conduct electricity.
(d) thick white fumes are formed when a glass rod dipped in $N H_{4} O H$ is brought near the mouth of a bottle full of HCl gas.
(e) dry hydrogen chloride gas does not affect a dry strip of blue litmus paper but it turns red in the presence of a drop of water.

(f) hydrogen chloride gas is not collected over water.

Explain, why (or give reasons for)
(i) In the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride from sodium chloride, the gas can be obtained below 200°C or above. But the lower temperature is preferred.
(ii) Hydrogen chloride is not collected over water.
(iii) Hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated above 22.2% by boiling.
(iv) HCl gas does not conduct electricity, but hydrochloric acid conducts electricity.
(v) Only a very dilute solution of hydrogen chloride in water can be concentrated by boiling the solution while a very concentrated solution would become less concentrated when boiled.
(vi) When the stopper of a bottle full of HCl gas is opened there are fumes in the air.
(vii) A solution of HCl gas in water turns blue litmus red and conducts electricity, while HCl gas dissolves in toluene and it has no effect on litmus and does not conduct electricity.
(viii) An aqueous solution of chlorine is acidic in nature.

Q. Fill in the blanks:
A solution of

H C l

gas in water conducts electricity because .............., but a solution of

H C l

gas in toluene does not conduct an electric current because .............

Q. Explain why : solution of HCL in water turns blue litmus red and conduct electricity while a solution of the same gas in toluene (1) has no effect on Litmus and (2) does not conduct electricity.

Q. Identify: A gas which does not conduct electricity in the liquid state but conducts electricity when dissolved in water.

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A solution of HClgas in water conducts electricity because of ________but a solution ofHCl gas in toluene does not conduct an electric current because________.

A solution of $H C l$ gas in water conducts electricity because of but a solution of $H C l$ gas in toluene does not conduct an electric current because.