Question

(a) State Mendel's law of dominance.
(b) What is a dihybrid ratio?
(c) Define phenotype.
(d) What are autosomes?

Answer 1

(a) According to Mendel's law of dominance, out of pair of contrasting characters brought together in an offspring, one always dominates over the other. The one that is expressed is dominant and the one that remains masked is recessive.

(b) Dihybrid ratio: The ratio obtained by crossing two traits is called dihybrid ratio.

(c) Phenotype: It refers to the observable characteristics of an organism which is genetically controlled.

(d) Autosomes: The chromosomes that are connected with characters other than the sex are called autosomes. For example, there are 22 pairs of autosomes in human beings.