A steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non uniform cross section .Explain which of these quantities is constant along the conductor and why? :current, current density, electric field and drift speed?

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Solution

When a steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross-section, the current flowing through the conductor is constant. Current density, electric field, and drift speed are inversely proportional to the area of cross-section. Therefore, they are not constant.

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[IIT-JEE 1997]

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Answer the following questions:

(a) A steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross- section. Which of these quantities is constant along the conductor: current, current density, electric field, drift speed?

(b) Is Ohm’s law universally applicable for all conducting elements?

If not, give examples of elements which do not obey Ohm’s law.

(d) A high tension (HT) supply of, say, 6 kV must have a very large internal resistance. Why?

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