A student puts his pencil into an empty trough and observes the pencil from the position as indicated in Fig. 4.41.

(i) What change will be observed in the appearance of the pencil when water is poured into the trough?

(ii) Name the phenomenon which accounts for the above-stated observation.

(iii) Complete the diagram showing how the student's eye sees the pencil through the water.

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Solution

(i) Part of the pencil which is immersed in water will look short and raised up.
(ii) The phenomena which is responsible for the above observation is refraction of light.
(iii) The required figure is

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Standard X Physics

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(i) Part of the pencil which is immersed in water will look short and raised up. (ii) The phenomena which is responsible for the above observation is refraction of light. (iii) The required figure is

(i) Part of the pencil which is immersed in water will look short and raised up.
(ii) The phenomena which is responsible for the above observation is refraction of light.
(iii) The required figure is