Question

A study on the rate of evolutionary change in the anole lizard populations of a group of islands over a 12 year period determined that the average coloration pattern in a certain population changed from predominantly brown with green flecks to predominantly green with brown flecks.
This occurred during a prolonged pattern of above average annual rainfall between 1971 and 1983. During that time, there was an increase in the number broad-leaved, green plants.
Which of the following statements best explains the change in coloration pattern in the anole lizard population during the period of increased annual rainfall?

• A. Anoles with more green and less brown were able to camouflage more effectively to evade predation and produced more offspring.
• B. Anoles with more green and less brown were able to attack and kill the less well-camouflaged anoles with more brown and less green.
• C. Anoles with more green and less brown were able to warm themselves more effectively in the sun, thereby allowing them to move faster and find more food.
• D. Anoles that spent more time on the broad-leaved, green plants developed more green in their scales over time.

Answer 1

The correct option is A Anoles with more green and less brown were able to camouflage more effectively to evade predation and produced more offspring.

The change in environmental condition lead to natural selection of green anoles with brown flecks as compared to brown with green flecks

So, the correct answer is 'Anoles with more green and less brown were able to camouflage more effectively to evade predation and produced more offspring'