A system has internal energy equal to U600J of work done on the system when 450J of heat is lost. The final energy of the system is:
A
U1+150
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B
U1+1050
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C
U1−150
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D
none of the above
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Solution
The correct option is BU1+150 Change in internal energy = heat supplied + work done
ΔU=q+w As per sign convention, work done on the system by the surrounding has positive sign and the heat released from the system to the surrounding has a negative sign. Hence, w=600 J and q=−450 J
Substituting values in the expression for the change in internal energy, we get ΔU=q+w=−450+600=150 J This is approximately equal to 120 J.
Let the final energy of the system be E2. However, the change in internal energy, ΔU=E2−E1 Hence, E2=(E1+150) J
Therefore, the final energy of the system is (E1+150) J.