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Question

A system has internal energy equal to U 600J of work done on the system when 450J of heat is lost. The final energy of the system is:

A
U1+150
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B
U1+1050
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C
U1150
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D
none of the above
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Solution

The correct option is B U1+150
Change in internal energy = heat supplied + work done

ΔU=q+w
As per sign convention, work done on the system by the surrounding has positive sign and the heat released from the system to the surrounding has a negative sign.
Hence, w=600 J and q=450 J
Substituting values in the expression for the change in internal energy, we get
ΔU=q+w=450+600=150 J
This is approximately equal to 120 J.
Let the final energy of the system be E2.
However, the change in internal energy, ΔU=E2E1
Hence, E2=(E1+150) J

Therefore, the final energy of the system is (E1+150) J.

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