Question

(a) Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of states of matter.

(b) Comment upon the following:

Rigidity, compressibility, fluidity, filling a gas container, shape, kinetic energy and density.

Answer 1

Part (a): Differences in the characteristics of states of matter

S.No	Property	Solid	Liquid	Gases
1.	Shape	They have a definite shape.	They do not have a definite shape.	They do not have a definite shape
2.	Volume	They have a definite volume.	They have a definite volume.	They do not have a definite volume
3.	Density	They have high-density	Liquids that have less density than solids	Gases have the least density
4.	Kinetic energy	The kinetic energy of solid particles is the least.	The kinetic energy of the liquid particle is greater than solids but less than gases.	The kinetic energy of gaseous particles is maximum.
5.	Compressibility	Solid particles are closely packed by the strong internuclear force of attractions. So, solids are almost incompressible.	The compressibility of liquid particles is higher than solids.	The compressibility of gases is maximum.

Part (b)

Rigidity: Rigidity is the property of matter to resist the change in the shape of matter.

Compressibility: It is the property of matter in which its volume is decreased by applying force.

Fluidity: Fluidity is the property of matter by virtue of which matter flows.

Filling a gas container: On filling a gas cylinder, the gas takes the shape of the container because the gas does not have fix shape.

Shape: Shape is defined as the form in which things are found.

Kinetic energy: It is the energy possessed by the particles of matter due to their motion.

Density: It is the ratio of mass per unit volume

$Density=\frac{Mass}{Volume}$