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Standard XII

Chemistry

Stoichiometry

A translucent...

Question

A translucent white waxy solid $(A)$ on heating in an inert atmosphere is converted to its allotropic form $(B)$ . Allotrope $(A)$ on reaction with very dilute aqueous $K O H$ liberates a highly poisonous gas $(C)$ having rotten fish smell. With excess of chlorine it forms $(D)$ which hydrolyses to compound $(E)$ . Identify compounds $(A)$ to $(E)$ .

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Solution

$A =$ White phosphorus
$B =$ Red phosphorus
$C =$ Phosphine $(P H_{3})$
$D =$ Phosphorus pentachloride $(P C l_{5})$
$E =$ Phosphoric acid $(H_{3} P O_{4})$

Reactions are :

$P_{4} (s) W h i t e p h o s p h o r u s (A) △ - --- \to I n e r t g a s P_{4} (s) R e d p h o s p h o r u s (B)$

$P_{4} (g) W h i t e p h o s p h o r u s (A) + 3 K O H (a q) + 3 H_{2} O △ - \to 3 K H_{2} P O_{2} (a q) P o t a s s i u m h y p o p h o s p h i t e + P H_{3} (g) P h o s p h i n e (C)$

$P H_{3} (g) + 4 C l_{2} (g) P h o s p h i n e (C) \to P C l_{5} (g) P h o s p h o r u s p e n t a c h l o r i d e (D) + 3 H C l (g)$

$P C l_{5} (g) P h o s p h o r u s p e n t a c h l o r i d e (D) + 4 H_{2} O (l) \to H_{3} P O_{4} (a q) P h o s p h o r i c a c i d (E) + 5 H C l (a q)$ .

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Similar questions

Q. A white waxy solid A on reduction gives B,having rotten fish smell. B on halogenation gives C which on hydrolysis gives an acidic compound D . if A on heating under inert atmosphere gives E,which is allotrope of A. Find A,B,C,D. Also give the chemical reaction involved.

Q. A translucent white waxy solid (A) reacts with excess of chlorine to give a yellowish white powder (B). (B) reacts with organic compounds containing -OH group converting them into chloro derivatives. (B) on hydrolysis gives (C) and is finally converted to phosphoric acid. (A), (B) and (C) are?

Q. (i) A black mineral (A) on heating in presence of air gives a gas (B).
(ii) The mineral (A) on reaction with dilute

H_{2} S O_{4}

gives a gas (C) and solution of a compound (D).
(iii) On passing gas (C) into an aqueous solution (B), a white turbidity is obtained.
(iv) The aqueous solution of compound (D) on reaction with potassium ferricyanide gives a blue compound (E).

Compounds (A) to (E) are identified as:

(A) :

F e S

, (B) :

S O_{2}

, (C) :

H_{2} S

, (D) :

F e S O_{4}

and (E) :

K F e^{I} I [F e^{I} I I (C N)_{6}]

If true enter 1, else enter 0.

Q. A translucent white solid

(A)

reacts with excess of chlorine to give a yellowish white powder

(B) .

(B)

reacts with organic compounds containing

- O H

group converting them into chloro derivatives.

(B)

on hydrolysis gives

(C)

and is finally converted to phosphoric acid.

(A), (B)

and

(C)

are:

Q. A black coloured compound

(A)

on reaction with dilute

H_{2} S O_{4}

gives a gas

(B)

which on passing in a solution of an acid

(C)

gives a white turbidity

(D)

. Gas

(B)

when passed in an acidified solution of a compound

(E)

gives a precipitate

(F)

soluble in dil.

H N O_{3}

. After boiling this solution when an excess of

N H_{4} O H

is added, a blue coloured compound

(G)

is formed. To this solution on addition of acetic acid and aqueous

K_{4} [F e (C N)_{6}]

a chocolate precipitate

(H)

is obtained. On addition of an aqueous soluion of

B a C l_{2}

to an aqueous solution of

(E)

, a white precipitate insoluble in

H N O_{3}

is obtained. Identify

(G)

and

(H)

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