A trolley of mass 1000 kg is moving with a velocity of 50 km/h on smooth horizontal rails. A mass of 250 kg is dropped into it. Find the final velocity of the trolley.

20 km/h

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15 km/h

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50 km/h

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40 km/h

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Solution

The correct option is D 40 km/h
Initially, the trolley of mass 1000 kg is moving with a velocity of 50 km/h.
So, its momentum,
1000 x 50 = 50000 kg-km/h

When a mass of 250 kg is dropped into it, the new mass of the system = 1000 + 250 = 1250 kg

Let v be the velocity of the system.
By the conservation of momentum,
Initial momentum = Final momentum
50000 = 1250 x v
⇒ v = $\frac{50000}{1250}$
v = 40 km/h

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