Question

A 'type' is one particular specimen (or a group of specimens) of an organism to which the scientific name of that organism is formally attached. Match column I (type) with column II(description) and select the correct option from the codes given.

Column I	Column II
A. Holotype	(i) A specimen cited with an original description other than the holotype or isotype
B. Isotype	(ii) A duplicate of the holotype
C. Paratype	(iii) A specimen designated in the original description
D. Lectotype	(iv) A specimen selected from original material to serve as nomenclatural type when the holotype was not designated.

• A. A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iv)
• B. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
• C. A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i)
• D. A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

Answer 1

The correct option is A A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iv)

Holotype is a valuable original specimen that describes a new species. It is a term used to describe a specimen that is the first known of its kind anywhere in the world. A holotype can be any type of fossil, and it serves as the name-bearer of the species.

Isotype is an individual specimen that is similar enough genetically to the holotype to be considered to part of the same taxonomic group.

Paratype is a specimen cited in the protologue that is neither the holotype, isotype, nor one of the syntypes. These are often listed as representative specimens in the original description.

Lectotype is a specimen chosen by a later researcher to serve as if it were the holotype. It is chosen from among the specimens available to the original publishing author (the isotypes, syntypes and/or paratypes) of a scientific name when the holotype was either lost or destroyed or when no holotype was designated.

So the correct option is A.