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Question

A typical optical fibre consists of a fine core of a material of refractive index μ1 surrounded by a glass or plastic cladding with refractive index μ2. Then

A
μ2 is slightly less than μ1
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B
μ2 is slightly higher than μ1
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C
μ2 should be μ1
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D
The difference μ2μ1 should be strictly equal to 1
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Solution

The correct option is A μ2 is slightly less than μ1
An optical fibre consists of a fine core of a material of refractive index μμ surrounded by a glass or a plastic cladding with refractive index μ2μ2 such that μ2<μ1μ2<μ1. The difference Δμ=μ1μ2Δμ=μ1−μ2 is typically very small of the order of 10310−3. An optical fibre is based on the principle of total internal reflection. For total internal reflection to take place refractive index of core should be more than that of the cladding.

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