a. What do you understand by oxidation?

b. How does carbon reacts with oxygen?

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Solution

a. The addition of oxygen or electronegative elements to a substance is called oxidation.

$M g + O_{2} — > M g O$

b. Carbon combines with oxygen to form oxides like carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide ( $C O_{2}$ ) along with the evolution of heat. Organic carbon compounds like hydrocarbon undergo oxidation to form oxides and steam with evolution of heat and flame.
$2 C (s) + O_{2} (g) \to 2 C O (g) + H e a t$ $C (s) + O_{2} (g) \to C O_{2} (g) + H e a t$ $C H_{4} (g) + 2 O_{2} (g) \to C O_{2} (g) + 2 H_{2} O (g) + H e a t$

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