(a) What is a nuclear reactor ? What is the fuel used in a nuclear reactor ?
(b) With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the working of a nuclear power plant.
(c) How is the working nuclear reactor of a power plant shut down in an emergency ?
(d) Name five places in India where nuclear power plants are located.
(a) What is a nuclear reactor ? What is the fuel used in a nuclear reactor ?
(b) With the help of a labelled diagram, describe the working of a nuclear power plant.
(c) How is the working nuclear reactor of a power plant shut down in an emergency ?
(d) Name five places in India where nuclear power plants are located.
(a) Nuclear reactor is a device designed to maintain a chain reaction producing a steady flow of neutrons generated by the fission of heavy nuclei. Uranium-235 is used as a fuel in a nuclear reactor.
(b)
In a nuclear power plant, the fission of uranium-235 is carried out in a reactor R. Uranium-235 rods are inserted in a graphite core which acts as a moderator to slow down the neutrons. Boron rods B absorb excess neutrons and controls the rate of reaction. Liquid sodium or carbon dioxide gas, which is pumped continuously through pipes embedded in reactor by using a pump P, is used as a ‘coolant’ to transfer the heat produced to heat exchanger for converting water into steam. The hot steam at high pressure goes into a turbine chamber and makes the turbine rotate. The shaft of the generator also rotates and drives a generator connected to it.
(c) By inserting the boron control rods fully into the reactor.
(d) Five places in India where nuclear powerplants are located are:
(i) Tarapur, Maharashtra
(ii) Kalpakkam. about 80 kilometres south of Chennai.
(iii) Narora. Bulandshahar District in Uttar pradesh....
(iv)Kakrapar Atomic Power Station, Vyara, Gujrat.
(vi) Kaiga in Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka
(a) Nuclear reactor is a device designed to maintain a chain reaction producing a steady flow of neutrons generated by the fission of heavy nuclei. Uranium-235 is used as a fuel in a nuclear reactor.
(b)
In a nuclear power plant, the fission of uranium-235 is carried out in a reactor R. Uranium-235 rods are inserted in a graphite core which acts as a moderator to slow down the neutrons. Boron rods B absorb excess neutrons and controls the rate of reaction. Liquid sodium or carbon dioxide gas, which is pumped continuously through pipes embedded in reactor by using a pump P, is used as a ‘coolant’ to transfer the heat produced to heat exchanger for converting water into steam. The hot steam at high pressure goes into a turbine chamber and makes the turbine rotate. The shaft of the generator also rotates and drives a generator connected to it.
(c) By inserting the boron control rods fully into the reactor.
(d) Five places in India where nuclear powerplants are located are:
(i) Tarapur, Maharashtra
(ii) Kalpakkam. about 80 kilometres south of Chennai.
(iii) Narora. Bulandshahar District in Uttar pradesh....
(iv)Kakrapar Atomic Power Station, Vyara, Gujrat.
(vi) Kaiga in Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka
