Question

(a) What is a salt ? Give the names and formulae of any two salts. Also, name the acids and bases from which these salts may be obtained.

(b) What is meant by 'a family of salts of salts'? Explain with examples.

(c) What is meant by 'hydrated' and 'anhydrous' salts? Explain with examples.

(d) Write the names, formulae and colours of any two hydrated salts.

(e) What will be the colour of litmus in an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride salt?

Answer 1

a) Salt is formed by Reaction of acid and base. Example of 2 salts are : 1)NaCl (sodim chloride) 2) $MgS{O}_4$(magnesium sulphate)

$HCl\left(Hydrochloricacid\right)+NaOH\left(Sodiumhydroxide\right)⟶NaCl\left(Sodiumchloride\right)+H_{2}O$

$H_{2}S{O}_4\left(Sulfuricacid\right)+Mg(OH{)}_2⟶MgS{O}_4(Magnesiumsulphate)+2H_{2}O$

b) -
The family of salt means the salt having positive or negative radical are said to belong to a family. For example -: NaCl and KCL belong to the family of chloride salts.

c) -

Hydrated Salts are those salts which have water of crystallisation attached to them. eg-- hydrated copper sulphate. $CuS{O}_4.5H_{2}O$

And hydrated salts are those which do not their water of crystallisation attached to them. Eg- Anhydrated copper sulphate( $CuS{O}_4$ )

d) - The names, chemical formulae and colours of hydrated salts are as follows

1) Copper sulphate pentahydrate

Copper sulphate pentahydrate is a hydrated salt which contains 5 molecules of water of crystallisation. Its chemical formula is $CuS{O}_4.5H_{2}O$. It is blue in colour.

2) Ferrous sulphate

Ferrous sulphate is also a hydrated salt. The most commonly available form of hydrated ferrous sulphate contains seven molecules of water of crystallisation and therefore it is represented by the chemical formula $FeS{O}_4.7H_{2}O$. This salt is blue-green in colour

e) - Ammonium chloride is a salt formed by the weak base and strong acid. So it's having acidic property. Thus the action of litmus on acid is blue litmus changed into red.