(a) What is Brownian motion? Draw a diagram to show the movement of a particle (like a pollen grain during Brownian motion.)
(b) In a beam of sunlight entering a room, we can sometimes see dust particles moving in a haphazard way in the air. Why do these dust particles move?

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Solution

(a) The zigzag movement of the small particles suspended in a liquid or a gas is called Brownian motion.

(b) When a beam of sunlight enters a room, suspended dust particles are seen moving haphazardly. This is because the dust particles are constantly hit by the fast moving particles of air and due to this remain suspended despite gravity acting on them. This is an example of Brownian motion.

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When a beam of sunlight enters a room throuth a window, we can see tiny particles X suspended in a gas (or rather a mixture of gases )Y which are moving rapidly in a very haphazard manner.

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(b) Name the gas (or mixture of gases) Y.

(d) What is causing the movement of particles X ?

(e) What conclusion doed the existence of this phenomenon give us about the nature of matter ?

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What conditions do we need to see dust particles in the air?

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(a) What is Brownian motion? Draw a diagram to show the movement of a particle (like a pollen grain during Brownian motion.) (b) In a beam of sunlight entering a room, we can sometimes see dust particles moving in a haphazard way in the air. Why do these dust particles move?

(a) What is Brownian motion? Draw a diagram to show the movement of a particle (like a pollen grain during Brownian motion.)
(b) In a beam of sunlight entering a room, we can sometimes see dust particles moving in a haphazard way in the air. Why do these dust particles move?