(a) What is the name of surgical method of birth control (or preventing pregnancy) which is carried out (i) in men, and {ii) in women ?

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Answer:
(i) Vasectomy is a surgical process carried out in men for birth control in which a small portion of the sperm duct (or vas deferens) is removed by surgical operation and both the cut ends are ligated properly.
This prevents the transport of sperm in semen and thus prevents fertilisation.
(ii) Tubectomy is a surgical process carried out in women for birth control in which a small portion of the oviducts is removed by surgical operation and the cut ends are ligated.
It prevents the transport of female gamete towards the uterus and thus prevents fertilisation.

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A woman uses pills A as a method of birth control (or preventing pregnancy). The pills A stop the ovaries from releasing ovum into oviducts. Another woman uses pills B as a method of birth control. The pills B kill the sperms and prevent pregnancy.

(e) What is the general name of these methods of birth control?

In the surgical method of birth control available for males, the structures A in the reproductive system are cut and ligated (tied up) at both ends. This prevents the reproductive cells B from coming out from the organs C where they are made in the male body. Since B cannot come out from the male body, they cannot fuse with cell D in the body of a female and hence pregnancy is prevented.

(e) What is the name of this surgical procedure for birth control available to males?

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Reproductive Health

Standard X Biology

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