Dear Student,
A)
The nearest perfect square number to 500 is 529.
So, 529 - 500 = 29 must be added to 500 to get a perfect square number.
B)
5000 = ( 2 x 2) x ( 2 ) x ( 5 x 5 ) x ( 5 x 5 )
Or, 5000 / 2 = ( 2 x 2 ) x ( 5 x 5 ) x ( 5 x 5)
Or, 2500 = ( 2 x 2 ) x ( 5 x 5 ) x ( 5 x 5)
Now, 2500 is a perfect square.
So, 5000 must be divided by 2 to get a perfect square number.
Regards,