(a) Which functional group do you think can be present in an organic compound having the molecular formula C₅H₁₀O₂? Write the formula of the organic compound.
(b) Give one example each of the compounds having the following functional groups:
(i) Aldehyde group
(ii) Alcohol group
(iii) Carboxylic acid group
(iv) Halo group
(c) Give one example each of the compounds having the following functional groups:
(i) Alkene group
(ii) Alkyne group

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Solution

(a) Carboxylic group (-COOH) can be present as the functional group in an organic compound having the molecular formula C₅H₁₀O₂. The formula of the organic compound will be C₄H₉COOH.

(b)
(i) Methanal (HCHO) is a compound containing an aldehyde group (-CHO).
(ii) Ethanol (C₂H₅OH) is a compound containing the alcohol group (-OH).
(iii) Propanoic acid (C₂H₅COOH) is a compound containing the carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
(iv) Chlorobutane (C₄H₉Cl) is a compound containing the halo group (-X).

(c)
(i) Propene (C₃H₆) is a compound having the functional alkene group as it satisfies the general formula of alkenes, i.e. C_nH_2n_.
(ii) Ethyne (C₂H₂) is a compound having the functional alkyne group as it satisfies the general formula of alkynes, i.e. C_nH_2n-2.

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Q. (a) Draw the structures for the following compounds:
(i) Propanone
(i) Butanone

(b) Write the IUPAC names of the following:
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(ii) CH₃CHO
(iii) CH₃CH₂CHO
(iv) CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO

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B $C_{4} H_{10} O$
C $C_{4} H_{8} O$
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(b) Which compound contains a carboxyl group? Write its name and structural formula.
(c) Which molecular formula can represent an aldehyde as well as a ketone? Write the names and structural formulae of the aldehyde and ketone represented by this molecular formula.