Question

(a) Why is the follicular phase in the menstrual cycle also called proliferative phase?
(b) Explain the events that occur in the Graafian follicle during ovulation? [5]

Answer 1

(a) The follicular phase in the menstrual cycle is also called proliferative phase because during this phase, the endometrium of uterus regenerates and becomes thick through proliferation. Simultaneously, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle. [2]

(b) The events that occur in the Graafian follicle during ovulation are:
(i) The increase in secretion of gonadotropins (LH and FSH) during the follicular phase stimulates follicular development as well as secretion of estrogens by the growing follicles
(ii) Rapid secretion of LH induces rupture of Graafian follicle and thereby the release of ovum (ovulation)
(iii) The remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as the corpus luteum which secretes progesterone during the luteal phase after ovulation. [3]