Question

(a) Write the names of five endocrine glands found in the human body. Name the hormones secreted by each gland.
(b) How do hormones reach the organs they control?
(c) Name the gland which controls the secretion of hormones from the pituitary.
(d) How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted in large amounts into the blood?
(e) Name the disease which occurs in adults due to the deficiency of iodine in the diet. What is the main symptom of this disease?

Answer 1

(a) The five endocrine glands found in the human body are:

• Pituitary gland which secretes growth hormone.
• Thyroid gland which secretes thyroxine hormone.
• Parathyroid gland which secretes parathormone.
• Pancreas which secretes insulin.
• Adrenal glands which secrete adrenaline.

(b) Hormones reach the target organ through the blood and act on it.

(c) Hypothalamus regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.

(d) An increase in the amount of adrenaline in our body increases our heart beat, breathing rate, blood flow into the muscles and causes the liver to put more stored glucose in our blood. All these actions of adrenaline produces a lot of energy in our body very quickly and enable us to take quick action.

(e) Iodine deficiency in our diet causes goitre. The main symptom of goitre is swelling of the thyroid gland which is present in the neck.